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    Science Behind the Lesson
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    The Science Behind the ACTN3 Polymorphism
    A common polymorphism in the alpha-actinin-3 (ACTN3) gene results in the lack of ACTN3 protein expression in fast twitch muscle fibers in ~16% of the human population (1). This genetic change has been linked with muscle performance in humans (2)...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology GeneticsGenetics

    protein structure and functionhuman genetic variationskeletal muscle physiology
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    317

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    The ACTN3 Polymorphism: Applications in Genetics and Physiology Teaching Laboratories
    Inquiry-based undergraduate laboratories provide the opportunity to engage students in a research experience that improves scientific thinking, but such activities can be difficult to develop and implement due to limited time and resources. We...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology GeneticsGenetics

    protein structure and functionhuman genetic variationmuscle physiology
    Lesson
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    256

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    A Hybrid Virtual Kinesiology Laboratory Module for Human Anatomy and Physiology
    The integration of virtual technology is becoming a common trend in anatomy education at the undergraduate and graduate levels. The incorporation of virtual 3D anatomical models into the classroom is beneficial to students, especially if they do...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology

    kinesiologyexercise physiologyAnaerobic RespirationMaximum Oxygen ConsumptionMuscular SystemVirtual AnatomyWingate Test
    Lesson
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    272

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    The Inside and Outside the Body
    The Inside and Outside the Body activity helps students develop a conceptual understanding of anatomical barriers such as skin and mucus membranes that separate internal cells and fluids from the external environment. This short exercise prepares...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology

    structureAnatomybarriers
    Science Behind the Lesson
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    142

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    Science Behind the Lesson: It's a Bird! It's a Plane! It's Biomechanics!
    Active flight is a specialized mode of movement found in insects, birds, and mammals. The anatomy, morphology, physiology, and ecology of flying taxa has changed over evolutionary time. Researchers have proposed several hypotheses about the...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology EcologyEcology

    EvolutionecologybatphysiologyAnatomybiomechanicsbirdFlightinsect
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    1238

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    Evaluating the Quick Fix: Weight Loss Drugs and Cellular Respiration
    One key to student success in introductory and cell biology courses is a foundational knowledge of cellular respiration. This is a content area in which students often harbor misconceptions that make cellular respiration particularly challenging...

    Courses: Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBiochemistry and Molecular Biology Cell BiologyCell Biology Introductory BiologyIntroductory Biology

    data analysisCellular RespirationElectron Transport ChainEnergy transformationsMitochondriaOxidative phosphorylationWeight loss drugs24-dinitrophenol (DNP)
    Science Behind the Lesson
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    108

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    A Short Bone Biomechanics Primer: Background for a Lesson on Bone Viscoelasticity
    The skeletal system is the first of the body systems that we discuss in-depth in our Physiology & Anatomy courses (PNB 2264/2265 and PNB 2274/2275) in the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology (PNB) at the University of Connecticut. As the...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology

    structure-functionbiomechanicsAnisotropyViscoelasticity
    Lesson
    581

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    A Structured Inquiry-Based Module for the Undergraduate Cell Biology Laboratory That Teaches Fundamental Concepts of Cell Differentiation
    Pedagogical research in science education has shown that students effectively learn science by doing science. As a result, there is increased interest in bringing research-like experiences into the classroom, particularly for laboratory courses....

    Courses: Cell BiologyCell Biology

    fluorescence microscopygene expressionpolymerase chain reactionCell Structurecell culturewestern blottingdifferentiationreverse transcription
    Lesson
    1041

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    146

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    Using Musical Instruments to Model Negative Feedback in the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Target Gland Axes
    Homeostasis and negative feedback are crucial, yet difficult, concepts for undergraduates, particularly in the context of the hypothalamo-pituitary axes. This interactive activity was designed to (1) reveal how negative feedback can restore...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology

    cell-cell communicationhomeostasisnegative feedback
    Lesson
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    307

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    Investigating Gene Expression and Cell Specialization in Axolotl Embryos
    The process of cell specialization is critical to the formation and function of tissues in animals and plants. Although gene expression, including the regulation of transcription, is taught in most introductory cell biology courses, the...

    Courses: Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBiochemistry and Molecular Biology Cell BiologyCell Biology Developmental BiologyDevelopmental Biology Science Process SkillsScience Process Skills

    developmenttranscriptiongene expressionmodel organismembryo
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    337

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    Engaging Undergraduates in Mechanisms of Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion in the Mammalian Kidney
    If students fail to see the connections among physiological systems, they can become overwhelmed with the amount of information they need to learn. Some students have particular difficulty with the renal system for this reason. This lesson was...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology Cell BiologyCell Biology

    OsmosisActive transportMass flowRenal reabsorptionRenal secretionTransport across membranes
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    2061

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    175

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    Advancing Global Learning Through a Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) Module on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs)
    An increasingly interconnected world presents opportunities for globally relevant curricula in the classroom. Implementing collaborative online international learning (COIL) modules within medium-sized courses can take advantage of this...

    Courses: Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBiochemistry and Molecular Biology Plant BiologyPlant Biology

    Collaborative Online International LearningGlobal LearningPlants and SocietyUnited Nations Sustainable Development GoalsMedicinal PlantsPhytochemicalsPlant Natural Products
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    Understanding Gastric Acid Secretion: An Active Learning Approach
    The human digestive system is a diverse network of cells, tissues, and organs that is regulated by systemic (e.g., nervous and endocrine systems) and local factors (e.g., secretions, pH, and the microbiome). Given the volume of content and the...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology

    diseasesignal transductionAcid SecretionAutonomic Nervous SystemEndocrineGastric PhysiologyGPCRHistology of Gastric Pit
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    How Do Kidneys Make Urine From Blood? Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches to Filtration, Secretion, Reabsorption, and Excretion
    The function of the kidneys is to help maintain a constant internal environment (homeostasis) by regulating the volume and chemical composition of the blood. This regulation occurs via three fundamental processes: filtration, secretion, and...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology Introductory BiologyIntroductory Biology

    collecting ductexcretionglomerular filtration rate (GFR)nephron tubulereabsorptionrenal corpusclesection
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    Promoting Interleaved and Spaced Practice in Anatomy and Physiology Students
    Students' academic performance in college can be impacted by varying background experiences and skill levels. This article describes a lesson designed for undergraduate Anatomy and Physiology students to address the challenge instructors face...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology

    Anatomical Terms and DirectionInterleaved PracticeStudy StrategiesSpaced Practice
    Teaching Tools and Strategies
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    An Open Source, Collaborative Electronic Notebook for Undergraduate Laboratory Classes
    To overcome many of the limitations of the paper laboratory notebook (PLN), we developed an electronic laboratory notebook (e-LN) for the Dynamic Genome course at the University of California. The Dynamic Genome course is an authentic research...

    Courses: Science Process SkillsScience Process Skills

    data collectionData annotationNotebook Skills
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    299

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    Modeling the Research Process: Authentic human physiology research in a large non-majors course
    Laboratory experiences in large-enrollment introductory science courses often utilize “cookie-cutter style” laboratory experiences due to the relative simplicity of setting up the lab stations, as well as a need to teach students...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology Introductory BiologyIntroductory Biology NeurobiologyNeurobiology Science Process SkillsScience Process Skills

    data analysishypothesis testingexperimental designphysiology
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    205

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    Sex and gender: What does it mean to be female or male?
    This lesson provides three activities to engage non-science major students in a discussion about sex, gender, gender identity, and sex determination. Students prepare for the lesson by reading a short article titled Sex and gender: What is the...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology Introductory BiologyIntroductory Biology

    gendersex determinationgender identitysex
    Lesson
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    318

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    Plotting Cranial and Spinal Nerve Pathways in a Human Anatomy Lab
    Hands-on experiences with cadavers, animal dissections, or plastic models are effective at improving student learning and attitudes in human anatomy courses. The hands-on experience allows students to visualize and experiment with anatomical...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology Science Process SkillsScience Process Skills

    human anatomyNervous systemBrainCranial nerveNerveSpinal cordSpinal nerve
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    4144

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    688

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    Problem-Based Learning for Physiology: Synthesizing the Cardiovascular System, Respiration, Macronutrient Metabolism, and Renal Function
    Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a valuable tool for helping students overcome reliance on memorization by scaffolding opportunities for them to practice the competency of “systems thinking,” which is the ability to understand...

    Courses: Anatomy-PhysiologyAnatomy-Physiology

    MetabolismObesityblood pressurecardiac functioncardiovascularmetabolic syndromerenalRespirationrespiratory system