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    Modeling Scenario
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    3-064-GearTrain-ModelingScenario
    Students model an input-output mechanical system of gears with a second order, non-homogeneous, ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients. The model incorporates friction and moments of inertia of the gear train components.
    frictiongearspur geargear traintorquegear ratioangular accelerationangular velocitymoment of inertiadouble reduction gear
    Potential Scenario
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    2006-Matt_MacWilliams-Developing ODEs to Describe the Motion of a Paper Helicopter
    This paper attempts to create a model that describes the motion of a paper helicopter using engineering, physical and statistical knowledge.
    experimental designhelicopter
    Modeling Scenario
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    1-145-FastPitch-ModelingScenario
    We consider the problem of comparing pitch velocities using measurement methods in different eras of baseball.
    Measurementresistanceair resistancebaseballpitcherfast
    Modeling Scenario
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    3-065-UpDown-ModelingScenario
    We model the height of a launched object which is subject to resistance proportional to velocity during its flight. We ask questions about the motion as well, e.g., highest point or apex and terminal velocity.
    terminal velocityNewton's Second Law of Motionvelocitymotionapex
    Potential Scenario
    216

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    46

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    1980-Peastrel-Lynch-Armenti-Terminal velocity of a shuttlecock in vertical fall
    We have performed a straightforward vertical fall experiment for a case where the effects of air resistance are important and directly measurable.
    fallingterminal velocityshuttlecockvertical fall
    Potential Scenario
    194

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    45

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    1994-Roland_Minton-A Progression of Projectiles-Examples from Sports
    There is a progression of complexity and issues in projectile motion modeling from no resistance, to resistance proportional to velocity, then to velocity squared,
    sportsresistanceprojectilebaseballdraglinear resistancequadratic resistancetennis
    Modeling Scenario
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    4-039-FallingDarts-ModelingScenario
    we develop, solve, and analyze a second order differential equation model for free fall incorporating air resistance. Students solve the model using two methods -- reduction of order and separation of variables, and method of undetermined...
    optimizationresistanceterminal velocitymuzzle velocitydrag coefficientfree fallair drag
    Modeling Scenario
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    142

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    3-027-BobbingDropping-ModelingScenario
    We present two exercises in which we ask students to model (1) falling object experiencing terminal velocity and (2) bobbing block of wood in liquid. We model the motion using Newton's Second Law of Motion and Archimedes' Principle.
    drug resistancedirectedbuoyancyfree fallstatic equilibriumdisplacement
    Modeling Scenario
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    3-009-BallDropInWater-ModelingScenario
    We conduct an analysis of a falling ball in liquid to determine its terminal velocity and to ascertain just what radius ball for a given mass density is necessary to attain a designated terminal velocity.
    resistancegravityfalling bodyterminal velocitybuoyancy
    Potential Scenario
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    2018-Kovacs-Insperger-Retarded neutral and advanced differential equation models for balancing using an accelerometer
    It is shown that slight modeling differences lead to significant qualitative change in the behavior of the system, which is demonstrated by means of the stability diagrams for the different models.
    feedbackAccelerometersfunctional differential equationssemi-discretizationD-subdivision method
    Article or Presentation
    132

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    47

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    1999-F_Brauer-What_Goes_Up_Must_Come_Down
    It is natural to ask whether a particle propelled upwards takes longer to fall to earth from its maximum height than it takes to rise to this maximum height for frictional forces that are nonlinear functions of velocity.
    resistancefallingprojectilevertical projectile
    Modeling Scenario
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    3-017-StackedCoffeeFiltersFalling-ModelingScenario
    Data on free falling 2, 4, 6, and 8 stacked coffee filters is offered. Students form a model using a resistance term proportional to velocity, velocity squared, or velocity to some general power. Parameters need to be estimated and models compared.
    dataresistancefalling bodycoffee filterstacked
    Modeling Scenario
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    216

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    3-054-Relay-ModelingScenario
    We use a differential equations of one dimensional projectile motion and an integration of velocity for total distance to model the relay between an outfielder and an infielder in throwing the ball to home plate.
    distanceprojectile motionrelaytimebaseballoutfieldhome plateminimization
    Potential Scenario
    159

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    1989-R_Blickhan-Spring Mass Model For Running-Hopping
    A simple spring—mass model consisting of a massless spring attached to a point mass describes the interdependency of mechanical parameters characterizing running and hopping of humans as a function of speed.
    spring massjumpjumping
    Potential Scenario
    131

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    34

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    1999-Long-Weiss-The Velocity Dependence of Aerodynamic Drag A Primer for Mathematicians
    This paper is exactly what it says it is, namely, a Primer for Mathematicians. There are ample models, data, attention to such issues as Reynolds’ numbers, and attention to aerodynamics issues.
    drag forceaerodynamics
    Article or Presentation
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    53

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    1980-Peastrel-Lynch-Armenti-Terminal_velocity_of_a_shuttlecock_in_vertical_fall
    This paper offers a set of data on a falling shuttlecock (the moving object in badminton) in air. How the authors collected the data is described fully and can be replicated easily by modern equipment.
    parameter estimationdata collectionresistancefallingterminal velocityNewton's Second Law of Motionshuttlecock
    Modeling Scenario
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    3-042-CatapultLaunch-ModelingScenario
    We maximize the range of a projectile by backing up an incline in the opposite direction of the range to give some initial lift. Find the position on the hill from which to launch the projectile to give the best lift.
    projectile motioncatapultuphilllaunch angle
    Modeling Scenario
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    3-100-Ripcord-Toys-ModelingScenario
    This modeling scenario examines the motion of a ripcord-powered toy with the goal of using real data to estimate parameters in a first-order model of the velocity of the toy. Students may conduct experiments or use videos to collect data.
    dataphysicsdynamicsdata collectionrollingslippingripcordtoy
    Modeling Scenario
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    3-015-StyrofoamBallFall-ModelingScenario
    We are given data on a falling Styrofoam ball and we seek to model this motion.
    footballresistancegravityfalling bodysum of square errorsNewton's Second Law of Motionsum of forcesstyrofoam
    Modeling Scenario
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    3-099-PullBack-ModelingScenario
    We guide students through the development of an empirical model for the velocity and distance traveled of a simple pull-back toy. Students can record videos and extract data using their own pull-back toy or use data included.
    dynamicspull-back toy