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#469, v1.0 Published:
#1163, v1.1 Published:

Title

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1The Effect of Climate Change on Butterfly Phenology 1Modification of "The Effect of Climate Change on Butterfly Phenology" module by Linton et al.

Authors

Old VersionNew Version
1Debra Linton (Central Michigan University) 1Kaitlin Stack Whitney ()
2Anna Monfils (Central Michigan University) 2Kaitlin Stack Whitney ()
3Molly Phillips (Florida Museum of Natural History)   
4Elizabeth Ellwood (La Brea Tar Pits & Museum)   
5Kaitlin Bonner (St. John Fisher College)   

Description

Old VersionNew Version
1<p>Phenology is the study of the timing of cyclical events in an organism&rsquo;s life cycle, including plants flowering, insects emerging, and birds migrating. The timing of these events is often influenced by climatic variables, in particular temperature and precipitation. As global weather patterns are altered due to climate change, an organism&rsquo;s phenology may change in response. Further, interactions between organisms may be affected to the detriment of one or both species. If, for example, a plant flowers earlier in warmer springs, it is dependent on its insect pollinators emerging at a similarly early pace in order for the plant to be pollinated and effectively reproduce. Likewise, the insect pollinator will ideally emerge at a time when its nectar food source is available. If the phenological timing of associated organisms is no longer synced, the interaction may be disrupted and result in what is known as an ecological mismatch.</p>  1<p>This module is a modification of the Linton et al. module in TIEE Volume 13.</p>
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3<p>In the present exercise, students explore natural history collections as a source of phenology data, using the research presented in the article, Flowering time of butterfly nectar food plants is more sensitive to temperature than the timing of butterfly adult flight (Kharouba and Vellend 2015) as an entry point. Students use natural history collections data downloaded from the iDigBio portal representing flight dates of butterfly species in British Columbia, Canada. These species are a subset of those used by Kharouba and Vellend. Students are also provided temperature data and assess how temperature has changed over time and how butterfly phenology relates to temperature. Students interpret their graphs and assess how butterfly phenology is changing and whether an ecological mismatch may be possible.</p>  3<p>The module keeps the learning objectives of using open-ended data inquiry with real specimens from the idigbio portal to explore phenology and comparing student results to published scientific data/interpretation.&nbsp; However, this forked resource is distinct in several ways - it&#39;s intended to be completed in 1 or 2 self contained lab/workshop in class time blocks, includes a meta-cognition based reflection as part of the deliverables, and starts with an exploration of the idigbio portal and discussion of natural history museums&#39; contributions to ecology.&nbsp; This variation also has the students compare their results to an additional, related published journal article as part of their reflection. Students still use excel spreadsheets to explore and answer questions about the butterfly datasets.</p>
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5<p>The authors would like to thank<b id="docs-internal-guid-3eb0460b-b759-e446-ada4-8bc85f5d5969">&nbsp;</b>the AIM-UP! project for leading the way in integrating natural history collections in undergraduate education, to QUBES and the DIG Faculty Mentoring Network for providing the infrastructure and constructive discussions about this lesson, to the Biodiversity Literacy in Undergraduate Education (BLUE) network for ongoing dialogue on the topic, and to Central Michigan University for their support of this effort in their biology curriculum.</p>  5<p>The author would like to thank the QUBES ESA Data Explorers FMN Spring 2019 organizers and leaders for their facilitation, organizing, mentoring and leadership. Thanks also to the other FMN participants, who provided valuable support and feedback on the modification drafting process - and to her students, for classroom testing the modification and providing feedback.</p>
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7<p><strong>Please cite as:</strong></p>  7<p><strong>Based on:</strong></p>
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9<p>Debra Linton, Anna Monfils, Molly Phillips, and Elizabeth R. Ellwood. 2018.&nbsp;The Effect of Climate Change on Butterfly Phenology.&nbsp;<cite>Teaching Issues and Experiments in Ecology</cite>, Vol. 13: Practice #7 [online].&nbsp;<a href="http://tiee.esa.org/vol/v13/issues/data_sets/ellwood/abstract.html">http://tiee.esa.org/vol/v13/issues/data_sets/ellwood/abstract.html</a>. doi:10.25334/Q46Q5B</p>  9<p>Debra Linton, Anna Monfils, Molly Phillips, and Elizabeth R. Ellwood. 2018.&nbsp;The Effect of Climate Change on Butterfly Phenology.&nbsp;<cite>Teaching Issues and Experiments in Ecology</cite>, Vol. 13: Practice #7 [online].&nbsp;<a href="http://tiee.esa.org/vol/v13/issues/data_sets/ellwood/abstract.html">http://tiee.esa.org/vol/v13/issues/data_sets/ellwood/abstract.html</a>. doi:10.25334/Q46Q5B</p>
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11<p><strong>Groups associated with this resource:</strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p>    
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13<p><a href="https://qubeshub.org/community/groups/blue_data" target="_blank"><img alt="BLUE group logo" src="https://qubeshub.org/groups/blue_data/File:/uploads/blue_logo_transparent_FINAL.png" style="width:225px;height:100px" /></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://qubeshub.org/community/groups/aimup" target="_blank"><img alt="AIM-UP logo" src="https://qubeshub.org/groups/aimup/File:/uploads/aim-up-logo-wide.png" style="width:210px;height:100px" /></a>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://qubeshub.org/community/groups/idigbio" target="_blank"><img alt="AIM-UP logo" src="https://qubeshub.org/groups/idigbio/File:/uploads/idigbiologo35.jpg" style="width:300px;height:100px" /></a></p>   

Attachments

1 link — Link to TIEE publication and teaching materials for The Effect of Climate Change on Butterfly Phenology (Abstract) | TIEE 1 file — ESWorkshop_Spring2019_ButterflyPhenology_ClimateChange.docx
2 file — ./iDigBio/Libby Ellwood - iDigBio_Strymon_melinus.jpeg 2 file — Kharouba_et_al-2014-Global_Change_Biology.pdf
3 file — Kharouba_et_al-2015-Journal_of_Animal_Ecology.pdf
4 file — model and self evaluation - butterfly phenology.docx
5 file — Phenology_data.xlsx
6 file — Phenology_Instructor_data.xlsx
7 link — Link to TIEE publication and teaching materials for The Effect of Climate Change on Butterfly Phenology (Abstract) | TIEE
8 link — iDigBio Portal
9 file — Everglades NP image - WhitePeacock2
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