Sampling Distributions and Null Distributions: two swirl lessons in R

Name: Sampling Distributions and Null Distributions: two swirl lessons in R
Published: 2019-05-10
License: CC Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International

Rachel Hartnett

doi:10.25334/Q4KJ04

Sampling Distributions and Null Distributions: two swirl lessons in R

By Rachel Hartnett

Oklahoma State University

There are two complementary lessons. The first covers how sampling distributions are made and ID's their key properties. The second covers how null distributions and how the test statistic of a dataset and its p-value are visualized on this...

Listed in Teaching Materials | resource by group Make Teaching with R in Undergraduate Biology Less Excruciating

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Description

These two complementary lessons are designed to reinforce introductory lessons to sampling distributions and hypothesis testing using null distributions. The sampling distribution lesson visualizes sampling distributions for students and goes over the properties of a sampling distribution. The null distribution lesson shows how null distributions are a specific type of sampling distribution, identify key parameters in making a null distribution, and connect key concepts: 1) a test statistic falls under the null distribution while the p-level quantifies the probability of this test statistic occurring under the null distribution; 2) you can only make a statement about whether you reject or fail to reject the null distribution, because you are using a distribution generated by null expectations.

These lessons can be given together, but each can stand alone as a single lesson. These lessons use examples and code from Whitlock and Schulter's "The Analysis of Biological Data, 2nd ed." and can be particularly useful to instructors using this textbook. Although these lessons have not been implemented in the classroom, please see the lesson plan and implementation notes for additional consideration for implementing and assessing the lessons.