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    Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
    This module introduces the Hardy-Weinberg model in the context of understanding the population's genotype and allele frequencies. It is intended for an introductory biology audience.

    Keywords: genotypeallelesGenetics and EvolutionFrequenciesHardy-Weinberg model

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    Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium: a swirl resource
    Students will use swirl to understand Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The lesson starts with observed numbers of individuals for each genotype, and students will work through a number of steps to...

    Keywords: Hardy-Weinbergpopulation geneticsEvolutionevolutionary ecologyR programming languageSwirl

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    Garden peas and cabbage plants: A short 'de-simplified genetics' activity
    Are plants of genotype T/T tall? Are those of genotype t/t short? Let's find out in this short activity entirely based on a segment of: Smith's (2014) "It’s Not Your Grandmother’s Genetics Anymore!"

    Keywords: geneticsintroductory biologyclickersenvironmentplantsin-class activitygenotypephenotypeMendel

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    The Science Behind the ACTN3 Polymorphism
    A common polymorphism in the alpha-actinin-3 (ACTN3) gene results in the lack of ACTN3 protein expression in fast twitch muscle fibers in ~16% of the human population (1). This genetic change has...

    Keywords: protein structure and functionhuman genetic variationskeletal muscle physiology

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    Web Popgen
    A Hardy-Weinberg simulation program.

    Keywords: Hardy-Weinbergpopulation geneticscomputer simulationsGenetic DriftmutationNatural Selection

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    My Dog IS My Homework: Exploring Canine Genetics to Understand Genotype-Phenotype Relationships
    To facilitate understanding of the fundamental genetic concept of the genotype-phenotype relationship in our introductory biology students, we designed an engaging multi-week series of related...

    Keywords: gel electrophoresissequence analysiscanine geneticsdeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)dog coat morphologygenotype and phenotypemutationsPolymerase chain reaction (PCR)single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

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    Exploring the Introduction of Genetic Variation by Random Mutation: Avida-Ed Lab Book Exercise 1
    An introductory activity introducing the role of random mutation in generating genetic variation using the Avida-ED simulation.

    Keywords: geneticsEvolutionavida-edmutationsoftware simulations

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    Building creatures with the central dogma of biology
    Activity that demonstrates how nucleotide changes can affect phenotypes

    Keywords: amino acidsnucleotidesRNADNAgenotypephenotypecentral dogma

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    How Many More Thymes? A Case of Phytochemical Defense
    National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science- this clicker case addresses several concepts related to the evolutionary ecology of herbivore defenses.

    Keywords: food websgenotypephenotypeHerbivoryherbivoredeterrencemonoterpeneproducerchemotypeThymus vulgaristhymeMediterranean ecosystemchemical defenses

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    T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
    Article presenting evidence that the bitter taste receptor T2R38 regulates the mucosal innate defense of the human upper airway.
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    Using the Hardy-Weinberg Equations: Quantifying Natural Selection and Allele Frequencies
    This module contains exercises designed to walk students through a real-world example of the coevolution of fruit color and primate frugivore color vision. Students will apply the Hardy-Weinberg...

    Keywords: Hardy-WeinbergEvolutionintroductory biologyQuantitative reasoninginterdisciplinaryNIQBC2. Data and GraphsC4. mathematical modelsC3. Statistical AnalysisC6. Quantitative LanguageC1. Numeracy

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    How Many More Thymes & Herbivore Defense
    Adaptations to the How Many More Thymes? case study featuring terpene-based herbivore defense and pollinator attraction in Nicotiana plants.

    Keywords: food websgenotypephenotypeHerbivoryherbivoredeterrencemonoterpeneproducerchemotypeThymus vulgaristhymeMediterranean ecosystemchemical defensesManduca sextaNicotiana

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    Linking Genotype to Phenotype: The Effect of a Mutation in Gibberellic Acid Production on Plant Germination
    Basic concepts in genetics and plant development are often taught in lecture courses without a lab component. This approach provides students with the content knowledge, but fails to make...

    Keywords: geneticsdevelopmentmutationgerminationplantmodel organismGenotype/PhenotypeHormoneSeed

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    The ACTN3 Polymorphism: Applications in Genetics and Physiology Teaching Laboratories
    Inquiry-based undergraduate laboratories provide the opportunity to engage students in a research experience that improves scientific thinking, but such activities can be difficult to develop and...

    Keywords: protein structure and functionhuman genetic variationmuscle physiology

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    Engaging Students in Pharmacogenetics: Patient Case Studies Using the PharmGKB Website
    Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are important regulators of drug efficacy and toxicity. Genetic variation in CYP isoforms can impact how well patients respond to medications or experience unwanted...

    Keywords: toxicologyPharmacologydrug metabolismpharmacodynamicspharmacogenetics

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    Evolution of Tusklessness in African Elephants
    The exploitation of African elephants in the form of ivory poaching is exacerbated by warfare. The affects of this anthropogenic evolutionary force on the African savanna elephant (Loxodonta...

    Keywords: Hardy-Weinbergchi-squaredEvolutionExponentsRatiospercentselephantsGorongosa National ParkAfricaqbccUnderstanding fractionsSolving Equations and InequalitiesConcepts in Statisticsusing statisticstusk & tusklessIvory poachingFractions and Mixed NumbersDecimals

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    Using computational molecular modeling software to demonstrate how DNA mutations cause phenotypes
    This lesson is a five-week series of laboratory activities designed to help students transition from applying lower order thinking skills to the central dogma to applying higher-order thinking skills.

    Keywords: bioinformaticsNIBLSEProtein StructureDNAmolecular modelinggenotypephenotypeCourseSourcecomputational modelingcentral dogmaplant leaf structure

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    Joel E. Greengiant Learns About Peas: From Nucleotides to Selection
    This case study follows purveyors of peas, Joel E. and Jolene Greengiant, as they learn about the origin, biochemistry, genetics and eventual artificial selection of sweet (wrinkled) peas, all in...

    Keywords: geneticspopulation geneticsEvolutionintroductory biologycase studybiologyResources @ NSF - NCCSTSmeiosisMendel’s peaspea plantPisum sativumMendel’s Lawsmolecular geneticsmutationnucleotide insertionartificial selectionstarch synthesisstarch branching enzymeplant domesticationlegumesResources @ QUBES - Teaching & Reference

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    The Evolution of Color Vision in Monkeys: From Nucleotides to Ecology
    This case study examines the evolution color vision in Old World and New World monkeys from multiple biological perspectives.

    Keywords: phylogeneticsgenescase studybiologyResources @ NSF - NCCSTSColor visiondichromatictrichromaticnucleotidesproteinsopsinscell functioncone cellsphotoreceptorsspectral shiftgene duplicationmeiosissex-linkedfood gatheringmonkeysprimatesResources @ QUBES - Teaching & Referenceundergraduate biology education

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    Where Does Elsie's Hair Color Come From? A "De-Simplified" Pedigree Lesson
    Pedigree analysis is part of most Genetics curricula, but the examples traditionally used in genetics courses present phenotypes as if they were entirely and inexorably defined by genotype. This...

    Keywords: pedigreeMultifactorialphenotypic variationpenetranceexpressivityquantitative variation

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